sábado, 16 de junio de 2012

2ºBACHILLERATO - REPASO - FUTURE



2ºBACHILLERATO: UNIT 1 REVIEW


FUTURE SIMPLE

Affirmative
I / he/ she/ it/ you/we / they
will / ‘ll
learn
Negative
I / he/ she/ it/ you/we / they
will not / won’t
learn
Interrogative
(Wh-) Will
I / he/ she/ it/ you/we / they
 learn?

Time expressions
This evening, tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening, later,  tonight,  next week, soon, in a moment/hour, in the future …

Note: The form shall is used after I and we but is more commonly used in interrogative sentences to ask for instructions and make offers or suggestions: Shall I drive tonight?


USES
·         To describe predictions about the future: Climate change will still be an issue in ten years’ time

·         To talk about facts in the future: The meeting will discuss the company’s objectives for the future.

·         To describe spontaneous decisions made at the time of speaking:

A: There are no seats left on the six o’clock train

B: I’ll take the seven o’clock train then.

·         To describe promises and offers: I’ll carry those bags for you

·         To describe predictions based on personal opinion, usually with verbs such as think, hope, suppose and expect: I expect he’ll be a lawyer like his father when he’s older.

Note: The present simple is used to refer to future events that we cannot control, such as events on a timetable: What time does the plane leave?


GOING TO

Affirmative
I
he/she/it
we/you/they
am/’m
is / ‘s
are / ‘re

going to learn
Negative
I
he/she/it
we/you/they
am not /’m not
is not / isn’t
are not/ aren’t

going to learn
Interrogative
                 am/’m
 (Wh- ) +  is / ‘s
                 are / ‘re
I
he/she/it
we/you/they

going to learn?
Time expressions: This evening, tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening, later,  tonight,  next week, soon, in a moment/hour, in the future …

USES

·         To talk about predictions based on facts: Watch out! Your chair is going to break.

·         To talk about plans or intentions for the future: She’s going to start a hairdressing business next year.

CONTRAST BETWEEN FUTURE SIMPLE AND GOING TO
We can use the future simple and going to to make predictions. We use will when it is a general prediction and going to when the prediction is based on evidence.

                I’m going to travel round Germany (I have bought my plane ticket to Germany)

                I’ll visit Germany one day (general prediction)

                I’ll pass all my exams this year. (General prediction)

                I’m going to pass all my exams this year. (I’ve studied hard all year and I’m optimistic about
                                                                                           my chances)

CONTRAST BETWEEN GOING TO AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR FUTURE MEANING
Both forms are used to refer to plans for the future. We can often either form to express the same idea.
                I’m meeting my friends in London this year.

                I’m going to meet my friends in London this year.

We don’t use the present continuous to talk about permanent states.

FUTURE continuous
Affirmative
I/he/she/it
we/you/they

will / ‘ll

be learning
Negative
I/ he/she/it
we/you/they

will not/ won’t

be learning
Interrogative
                
 (Wh- ) +  will
                
I/ he/she/it
we/you/they

be learning?
Time expressions: at this time on Tuesday / next week, tomorrow afternoon, at seven o’clock               
                                      tomorrow, in an hour’s time


USES

·         To talk about actions that will be taking place at a specific time in the future:

He’ll be flying to Heathrow in an hour’s time

·         To make predictions about a future state or habit at a particular time in the future:

In ten years’ time, I’ll be living in New York and working as a journalist .

FUTURE PERFECT
Affirmative
I/he/she/it
we/you/they

will / ‘ll

have learned
Negative
I/ he/she/it
we/you/they

will not/ won’t

have learned
Interrogative
                
 (Wh- ) +  will
                
I/ he/she/it
we/you/they

have learned?
Time expressions: by seven o’clock tonight/ tomorrow, by then, by next week/month / year, etc

 USE

·         To talk about actions that will be completed at a specific time in the future:

By tomorrow, all the governments will have signed the climate change agreement.

EXERCISES

FUTURE WILL: EX1, EX2, EX3

FUTURE BE GOING TO: EX1, EX2, EX3

WILL OR BE GOING TO: EX1, EX2, EX3, EX4, EX5

FUTURE CONTINUOUS: EX1, EX2, EX3

FUTURE PERFECT: EX1, EX2, EX3

FUTURE CONTINUOUS vs FUTURE PERFECT: EX1, EX2, EX3


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